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A | 讯 据自然资源部消息，8月14日，自然资源部南海局发布《2025年南海区海洋生态预警监测公报》（以下简称《预警监测公报》）《2025年南海区海洋生态保护修复公报》（以下简称《保护修复公报》）。 《预警监测公报》显示，2025年南海区海洋生态状况总体稳定。
Two successful launches among China's recent frequent moves caught particular attention of space watchers - the 24th group of low-Earth orbit internet (LEO) satellites aboard a Long March-12 rocket was sent from a commercial spacecraft launch site in the southern island province of Hainan on Sunday, 12 days after the 23rd group of LEO satellites aboard a Long March-8A rocket was launched from the same Hainan site on August 4.
Sunday's mission marked the 663rd launch of the Long March series of carrier rockets, which on Monday sent an SEO satellite into preset orbit, per Xinhua.
Experts said the launches of two groups of LEO satellites within 12 days underlined that China is notably accelerating its pace of building its satellite internet constellation.
"The launch of LEO satellites has now entered a regular and cyclical rhythm, with batches of satellites continuously being sent into orbit at relatively stable intervals," Kang Guohua, a senior member of the Chinese Society of Astronautics and a professor of Aerospace Engineering at Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, told the Global Times on Monday.
China launched the first group of LEO internet satellites on December 16, 2024, proceeding to the 24th batch in about 20 months. Kang said three major production and launch "assembly lines" are supporting the effort: satellite factories featuring centralized design in Beijing, coordinated supply chains and mass production; rockets with streamlined launch and testing procedures and multiple configurations; and launch sites capable of supporting routine constellation deployment.
The Long March-12, which played a key role in the latest LEO satellite launch, is China's first 4-meter-class single-core-stage carrier rocket and was specifically developed for commercial launch needs. It is about 62.6 meters long, has a liftoff mass of 430 tons and can carry more than 12 tons to low-Earth orbit. Its first stage is equipped with four 1,250-kilonewton pump-fed liquid oxygen-kerosene engines and uses a newly developed coal-based aerospace kerosene, according to Shanghai Academy of Spaceflight Technology.
The rocket adopts a "three-horizontal" launch preparation model: horizontal assembly, horizontal testing and horizontal transportation. Depending on mission requirements, it can use fairings with diameters of 4.2 or 5.2 meters and support both single-satellite and multi-satellite launches into different orbits.
"This flexibility makes the Long March-12 particularly suitable for the 'one rocket, multiple satellites' model required for constellation deployment, making it one of the main launch vehicles currently used for LEO constellation missions," Kang said.
The mission also highlighted the launch site's growing ability to support high-frequency launches. The rocket took only two and a half days from being transported to the launch area to liftoff, setting a record for the shortest time a rocket occupied the launch position at the site, Kang said.
Despite the rapid progress, experts cautioned that the 228 satellites currently in orbit remain some distance from the ultimate goal. China's satellite internet project has a long-term goal of deploying nearly 8,000 satellites and is now in an accelerated "weaving" phase.
China's advantage lies in its ability to control costs and boost production efficiency once satellite manufacturing reaches mass-production scale, another expert surnamed Liu told the Global Times.
"Whether it is the production capacity of AI centers or the factory in Hainan, which has an annual satellite manufacturing capacity of 1,000 units, satellite production itself is not the problem," Liu said. "More bottlenecks lie in the operational efficiency of launch pads and the rocket payload and recovery technology."
The real challenge lies in rocket reusability. Only by lowering launch costs and increasing launch frequency can China sustain a pace of more than one launch per week. This is also the strategic significance of accelerating the development of reusable rocket technology, including the Long March-10B and privately developed rockets, Kang further noted.
Chinese Academy of Engineering academician Deng Zhongliang previously said in an interview that satellite internet will serve as an indispensable space-time infrastructure for 6G, enabling emerging industries worth trillions of yuan, including the low-altitude economy, advanced autonomous driving and the Internet of Things (IoT).
。近岸海域水体环境和生物多样性均处在常年波动范围内，总体保持稳定。红树林、海草床生态系统整体状况优良，红树林盖度在75%以上，植被群落稳定，生物多样性水平高，构成一道绵延数千里的“海上绿色长城”。珊瑚礁、滨海盐沼生态系统状况以中等为主，大部分监测区域的活珊瑚覆盖率均有所升高。
B | 河口、海湾生态系统基本稳定，西沙、中沙和南沙岛礁生态状况总体优良。
C | 海洋生态风险监测预警成效明显，全年预警赤潮18次，累计面积约366.5平方公里，较近五年平均值大幅下降；发现并处置近岸海域局地性生物暴发事件2次，未造成明显经济损失。
D | 《预警监测公报》首次整体评价了西沙、中沙和南沙岛礁生态状况，重点展示了其中9个岛礁的真实生态图景，为加强岛礁分类保护与管理提供了基础依据。
E | 《预警监测公报》集中展示了海区海洋监测创新成果，科技护海的成色愈发亮眼。广西将环境DNA技术投入涠洲岛珊瑚鱼类监测，海南搭建珊瑚礁智能预警系统，广东出台滨海盐沼、海草床蓝碳计量监测新方法，深圳以高效赤潮监测预警保障第十五届全国运动会海上赛事顺利开展，南海局加强卫星遥感、水下原位监测、水下机器人巡测等技术手段的适用性改良，深化运用于远海和岛礁监测。 《保护修复公报》显示，2025年南海区各级自然资源（海洋）、林业主管部门严守海洋生态安全边界，强化制度支撑体系建设，加强海洋珍稀濒危生物保护和保护修复技术创新，接续实施生态保护修复项目，全方位推进海洋生态保护修复，2025年共实施海洋生态修复工程项目66个，总投入资金近50亿元。
F | “十四五”期间累计实施海洋生态保护修复项目262个，总投入资金超过213亿元。截至2025年底，南海区共划定海洋生态保护红线面积约266万公顷、海洋自然保护地面积约700万公顷。 2025年，经过各方协同发力，南海区红树林、珊瑚礁、海草床、岸线、海岛保护修复和互花米草防治等工作成效显著。
G | 各地大力推动海洋生态产品价值实现，蓝碳交易市场日趋多元，蓝色产业蓬勃发展、蓝色金融赋能保护。南海三省（区）立足区位优势，深度参与联合国、全球环境基金、中国—东盟多边框架下的全球海洋治理，取得了一系列新的国际合作实践成果。版权申明：凡注有“”或电头为“”的稿件，均为独家版权所有，未经许可不得转载或镜像；授权转载必须注明来源为“”，并保留“”的电头。 。
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