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上下纵横，澳门前行——澳门特区行政长官岑浩辉解读“三五”规划_我的网站
A | 澳门8月25日电 题：上下纵横，澳门前行——澳门特区行政长官岑浩辉解读“三五”规划 记者宋晨、郭雨祺、齐菲 澳门特区政府日前公布《澳门特别行政区经济和社会发展第三个五年规划（2026-2030年）》。
B |
Recent media reports have questioned whether a natural gas plant built to power an Amazon data center project in Texas could become the largest climate polluter in the US. The controversy, whatever the eventual outcome, offers a reality check for America's artificial intelligence (AI) drive.
It exposes a growing contradiction: The US is racing to expand its AI capabilities, yet its protectionist trade policies are making it harder and more costly to access some of the clean-energy technologies needed to sustain that expansion. This raises a broader question: Can an energy-intensive AI race afford the costs of renewable energy protectionism?
The US is entering a new era of rising electricity demand. Data centers, the backbone of the AI economy, are emerging as one of the fastest-growing sources of power consumption. Much of that demand is still being met by fossil fuels: The International Energy Agency reports that natural gas supplies more than 40 percent of the electricity used by data centers in the US, making it their largest source of power.
So, it's not surprising that the expansion of data centers has raised concerns over their environmental impact and the pressure they could place on local power systems and electricity bills. A Gallup survey conducted in March found that seven in 10 Americans opposed the construction of AI data centers in their local area, including 48 percent who strongly opposed such projects.
The findings point to a broader challenge for the US: The race to develop AI is increasingly becoming a race to meet growing energy needs. Addressing this challenge will require more than advances in computing technology; it will also depend on an energy system capable of delivering large amounts of reliable, affordable and cleaner power. That, in turn, will require faster development and broader deployment of clean-energy technologies, from solar power to energy storage.
Yet in the clean-energy sector, the US has increasingly relied on protectionist trade measures that limit access to cost-competitive products from global markets. The country has placed greater emphasis on expanding domestic manufacturing capacity, but rebuilding entire clean-energy supply chains at home is a costly and time-consuming process. Even if expanded domestic production is achieved, it is likely to come at a higher cost, making the deployment of renewable technologies more expensive and potentially slower.
The solar industry offers a clear illustration of this policy direction. The US has continued to expand trade barriers in the sector. Reuters reported that the US government announced on Thursday a series of price floors and a 15 percent tariff on products made from polysilicon, a raw material used in solar panels.
The challenge lies in the limited scale of the US polysilicon industry. Reuters reported that the country has two polysilicon factories. Against this backdrop, relying on domestic polysilicon production while restricting access to imports runs counter to the goal of expanding solar power in the US. The country risks creating barriers that ultimately constrain its own access to the global supply chains needed for growth.
The pressing issue for the US is the speed at which new power demand is emerging. The expansion of data centers is creating electricity needs that cannot wait for domestic clean-energy capacity to develop gradually. Global supply chains can provide the scale and speed required in the near term. By narrowing access to these sources, the US risks turning clean-energy policy into a drag on the infrastructure needed for its AI race.
The US has placed AI high on its economic and technological agenda. The outcome of this race will matter greatly, as financial markets are also watching whether America can turn its AI efforts into commercial success.
This leaves the US with a difficult choice: Can it afford the cost of clean-energy protectionism while racing to build AI infrastructure? The answer may be no. Trade barriers that limit access to competitive renewable technologies could ultimately become a constraint on the AI expansion that Washington is seeking to accelerate.
The author is a reporter with the Global Times. [email protected]
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C | 就规划内容与重点任务，澳门特区行政长官岑浩辉在南湾湖畔特区政府总部，接受记者专访。 走进岑浩辉办公室，桌面上两幅书法小字“澳门”“前行”分列左右。“这是我在氹仔文化市集买到的大学生书法作品。
D | ”岑浩辉说。 “澳门是祖国的掌上明珠、一方宝地，是几十万市民奋斗、生活和托付理想的家园。
E | 作为行政长官，必须时时把澳门放在心头。 岑浩辉说，摆放这四字，意在时刻提醒自己和管治团队，坚守共同的奋斗目标。“回归祖国27年，澳门不能停步，必须往前走。” “澳门前行”是目标，约8.6万字、涵盖35项核心发展指标的新一份五年规划便是路线图：它“上”承国家“十五五”顶层设计，“下”接社区烟火，“纵”贯特区规划的历史脉络，“横”连横琴及粤港澳大湾区更广阔腹地。 紧密对接国家“十五五”规划 2026年，国家“十五五”开局，澳门“三五”启程。 岑浩辉说，国家“十五五”规划对澳门作出新部署，提供了新的重大机遇。“核心要求，就是融入和服务国家发展大局。要服务于‘十五五’规划，甚至是更长远的国家发展。” 岑浩辉介绍，特区政府成立专班，秉持“国家所需、澳门所长”的原则，将国家涉澳部署作为规划编制根本遵循，通过40场调研、36项专题研究，全方位推动澳门发展与国家战略紧密对接。 从“一中心、一平台、一基地”的定位，到产业多元发展、澳琴一体化等重点领域，再到助力国家共建“一带一路”，“‘三五’规划充分体现了澳门的实际情况、发展战略和国家对澳门的定位”。岑浩辉介绍，规划涉及35项经济社会核心发展指标，均全面对接国家“十五五”发展目标。 岑浩辉表示，澳门的五年规划实现了高度开放的市场经济与科学统筹的规划治理有机融合，走出了一条兼具“有为政府”与“高效市场”的特色发展之路，充分印证了其科学性与优越性，充分体现了“一国两制”的制度优势。 直抵社区民生烟火 “编制‘三五’规划的出发点和落脚点，是民生社会保障，是老百姓的幸福感、获得感和安全感。”岑浩辉说。 40天公开咨询、1716份意见书、8230条建议，澳门社会各界和广大市民积极建言献策。建言大多来自街坊社区——片区活化、排查老危旧楼、完善公交接驳……正是这些看似“细小而微”的诉求，占据了规划的相当篇幅。 岑浩辉说，特区政府将贯彻“尽力而为、量力而行、精准扶助、资源下沉”的方针，在社会保障、医疗卫生、青年发展、住房保障等重点领域，推出一系列政策举措。 他同时指出，都市更新是澳门当前的迫切任务和发展短板。澳门人均GDP虽然表现良好，但仍存在市容市貌待优化、大量老旧楼宇亟待处理等问题，加之城区内散布着各类文化遗产，文保工作也需统筹推进。
F | 为此，规划设置专章部署都市更新。岑浩辉说，未来五年，将以实实在在、可知可感的项目和举措推进“幸福澳门”建设。 一张蓝图绘到底 从2016年“一五”，到2021年“二五”，再到如今“三五”，澳门的五年规划体系日趋成熟。
G | 以贯穿始终的“经济适度多元”为例，从“一五”的“推动”，到“二五”的“加快”，再到如今的“扎实推进”，清晰勾勒出澳门推动经济转型从基础搭建到提速推进再到强调提质增效的发展进程。 “规划的延续性远远超过五年。
H | ”岑浩辉说，“三五”规划跳出短期局限，布局科技研发产业园、澳琴国际教育（大学）城等一批跨周期的战略性重大工程，建设期为五至十年，展示出特区政府久久为功、接续奋斗的决心。
I | 岑浩辉介绍，下一步特区政府将通过制定重点项目、重点工作责任分工、重大改革举措等三张清单，来落实规划的主要任务。“每个清单都有具体的项目和目标、组织的部门和推进的时间表。 澳琴推进湾区协同 “深化‘澳门+横琴’一体化发展”专章的设立，是本次规划立足长远、破解发展难题的核心亮点。 岑浩辉介绍，“三五”规划紧扣“澳门+横琴”新定位，以科技、教育为引领，深化规则机制“软联通”，加强基础设施“硬联通”，打造标志性工程与产业空间载体。
J | 计划到2030年，横琴粤澳深度合作区五大特色产业增加值占GDP比重达65%或以上，澳人澳企数量显著增长，公共服务和社会保障体系将更加完善。 横向视野不止于横琴。“作为大湾区一员，我们编制规划时也必须要对标广东整体部署。”岑浩辉说，在规划起草之初，他便强调要加强与广东尤其是珠海的规划衔接。此外，港澳两地也保持着沟通交流。岑浩辉说，两地规划编制团队互访对接，参考各自的规划愿景。 “所以这次规划编制在任务设置、项目布局以及配套保障措施上，有效推动了区域协同联动。”岑浩辉说。 “上下纵横”间，规划兼具家国高度、街巷温度、历史长度和湾区广度，而这一切，最终都指向同一个目标——澳门前行，步履不停。
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