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马斯克又画千亿美元“大饼”！SpaceX官宣建设地球最大发射场_我的网站

A |     　　继千亿美元的Terafab芯片厂项目后，世界首富马斯克的“画饼列表”中又多一个千亿美元级别的太空发射场项目。    

Brain-reading AI model reveals how different brain regions are linked to cognitive functions. Photo: Courtesy of Lu Han
Chinese scientists have developed a “brain-reading” AI model that could help predict the risk of depression among adolescents up to four years in advance by analyzing how humans respond to facial expressions, a technology expected to inspire future development of embodied intelligent humanoids capable of perceiving human emotion and thoughts through nuanced facial cues. 
WHO data show that around 332 million people worldwide have depression, about one-third of whom have treatment-resistant forms of the condition. In China, an estimated 95 million people suffer from depression, National Business Daily reported, citing statistics from the China Mental Health Survey. 
Using data from a population-based longitudinal adolescent cohort recruited across several European countries, the research team led by Lu Han, assistant professor at the School of Artificial Intelligence, Shenzhen University, has built an AI model that predicted which 19-year-olds were more likely to develop depression at the age of 23. The predictions were backed up by an independent clinical cohort of individuals with depression. The team’s paper was published in the journal Science Advances this month.
According to Lu, the study used brain scans taken at age 19 to predict depression-related symptoms at age 23. The study focuses on adolescence because the transition from adolescence to early adulthood is a key developmental period when depressive symptoms can increase rapidly. The earlier risks are identified, the greater the opportunity for prevention, Lu told the Global Times on Monday, adding that the findings need to be further validated in middle-aged and older adults and across different ethnic groups in future research. 
In this study, the researchers analyzed data from adolescents in the IMAGEN, a population-based longitudinal cohort recruited across several European countries. At age 19, participants underwent an fMRI emotional-face task, and their emotional symptoms were assessed using standardized questionnaires. Genetic data obtained from blood samples were also analyzed, and participants were followed up at age 23. The researchers examined whether neural representations of angry faces at age 19 were associated with emotional symptoms and could predict elevated emotional symptoms four years later.
According to Lu, people without depression can more easily distinguish emotional changes based on others’ facial expressions and respond accordingly – for example, responding with friendliness to a smiling expression. But people with depression cannot do this, and are more likely to assume people are angry with them. 
A brain-aligned deep-learning model developed by Lu’s team suggested that those participants whose brains were less able to distinguish between different facial emotions and tended to perceive others as angry were more likely to develop symptoms of depression and anxiety in adulthood. 
The hypothesis that adolescents at risk of depression may respond differently to other people’s facial expressions than those without such risk based on the negative information processing bias long observed in depression research: people at risk of depression are more likely to notice, interpret, or remember negative social information, Lu said. 
The researchers focused on angry facial expressions because they signal social threat and rejection, which are closely linked to interpersonal difficulties and negativity bias associated with depression. They hope to further understand how this bias develops within the visual system. 
Building on this, they created a deep learning model, which mimics how the brain processes visual information, to predict how the brain encodes abstract emotional concepts such as anger.
They found that 19-year-olds whose response to facial expressions was skewed in favour of negative emotions or memories were the most likely to develop some form of depression.
Based on these findings, Lu’s team then developed a marker that can identify possible warning signs. 
According to Lu, the study found that the computational biomarker was linked to the depression-related variant rs11123030 and polygenic risk for depression, suggesting that genetic susceptibility may affect emotional perception. It also provided predictive information beyond family stress and socioeconomic factors, complementing rather than replacing environmental risk factors. Therefore, depression is neither purely genetic nor purely psychological, but a complex mental disorder arising from the interplay of genetic susceptibility, brain development, emotional and cognitive processes, and life experiences. 
According to Lu, the study is also expected to advance AI by aligning deep neural networks with human brain activity and using parameter perturbations to probe neural mechanisms, allowing models to both predict and explain how biases may arise. 
The findings suggest that future affective computing and embodied AI should go beyond simply labeling facial expressions, incorporating visual details while preventing prior assumptions from overriding real-time sensory input, Lu said, adding that the findings could provide valuable insights for developing more interpretable robotic perception systems that more closely emulate the way humans process emotions.
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　　当地时间周二，美国路易斯安那州政府和SpaceX共同宣布，商业航天巨头计划投资1000亿美元，在该州南部建设一座巨型新发射场，占地面积约12.5万英亩。SpaceX表示，该基地的设计目标是支持“每年数千次星舰飞行”。 （来源：路易斯安那州政府）　　根据目前的规划，名为“路易斯安那星港”的发射场预计将包括5个发射综合体，每个综合体配备两个发射台；此外还将配备“推进剂生产、电力供应、深水航运能力、飞行器处理设施以及一座机场”。 （来源：SpaceX官网）　　该项目将从2027年开始建设，目标是2029年完成首次发射。　　马斯克也在社交媒体上表示，“路易斯安那星港”最终将拥有“超过一打的发射台”，支持每天能够进行30次“星舰”发射，成为地球上最大的发射场。

B | 　　短期来看，这座发射场将为SpaceX提供第三个发射“星舰”的场所。SpaceX目前主要在得克萨斯州南部建造和发射星舰。该公司还在佛罗里达州卡纳维拉尔角开发第二个发射地点。

C | 　　坐落于路易斯安那州的发射场将使得“星舰”能够向南飞越墨西哥湾，并将飞行器送入地球极地上空。

D | 这对于SpaceX建造最多100万颗数据中心卫星的计划至关重要，该公司希望将这些卫星部署在近极地轨道上。

E | 　　需要说明的是，承载着马斯克星际移民梦想的“星舰”目前仍处于早期迭代阶段。　　今年至今，SpaceX仅进行了两次“星舰”试飞，目前技术团队正在攻关“星舰”飞船的回收难题。马斯克上周曾预计，用发射塔回收飞船的尝试可能还需要再等几个月，现在的时间表是今年底或明年初完成飞船的复用发射。　　盼着“星舰”实现航天员重回月球梦想的美国国家航空航天局，也在“催促”SpaceX提高发射频率。NASA局长贾里德·艾萨克曼本月曾表示，如果“星舰”能够保持每个月发射一次，甚至到年底实现几周发射一次，他将会对明年进行“星舰人类着陆系统”测试感到更有信心。　　从近期规划来看，“星舰”还将承担多项重要任务，包括发射体积更大、经过升级的Starlink卫星以提升互联网服务容量，以及最快于2027年部署轨道数据中心。（文章来源：财联社）。

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Published on:09:47:11