会痛的十七岁
在美国,有多少硕博被当做鉴黄师?_我的网站

一 | Under construction since 2011, the GERD project is one of the largest public infrastructure projects in Ethiopia, and will be the biggest hydroelectric power plant on the African continent once finished next year.,The third phase of the filling of a massive reservoir, capable of holding up to 74 billion cubic meters of water, was completed this week, with two of the dam’s planned 16 turbines now operational. When construction is finished, the dam will be capable of generating some 6,000 megawatts of power – more than double the average output of a WER-1000 nuclear reactor.,AfricaWATCH Water Pour Over Spillway on Ethiopia’s GERD Hydroelectric Dam After Finishing Third FillingYesterday, 22:33 GMT,In a ceremony inaugurating the project on Friday, Ethiopian Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed stressed that the dam was Ethiopia’s “gift,” and that it was “Ethiopia’s responsibility to use it” together with the other two Nile Basin countries - Egypt and Sudan.,“PM @AbiyAhmedAli reiterated that Ethiopia is working to ensure the benefits of the lower basin countries, saying that our Abbay River [Ethiopia’s term for the Blue Nile, one of the two major tributaries of the Nile] takes what it deserves while passing on what others deserve,” the prime minister’s office tweeted following the ceremony.,PM @AbiyAhmedAli reiterated that Ethiopia is working to ensure the benefits of the lower basin countries, saying that our Abbay River takes what it deserves while passing on what others deserve. He also congratulated all Africans on this milestone. (2/2) pic.twitter.com/Be9WtrHczO— Office of the Prime Minister - Ethiopia (@PMEthiopia) August 12, 2022,Just Deserts,The question of which country “deserves” what has been the subject of considerable consternation and debate between the three nations, as has the dam’s potential environmental impact, with Cairo and Khartoum fearing the filling of the 145 meter tall, 1.8 km long dam could threaten the region with droughts and floods. Last month, Egyptian Foreign Minister Sameh Shoukry warned that Cairo would defend its interests using “all means available” at its disposal, and called on the United Nations Security Council to negotiate a legally binding agreement between Egypt, Ethiopia and Sudan on regulating the dam’s operation. Egyptian President Abdel-Fattah El-Sisi earlier called the GERD dispute a “red line” security issue.,Ethiopian Ambassador to Russia Alemayehu Tegenu dismissed these concerns, telling Sputnik last month that Egypt and Sudan were trying to “internationalize and politicize the dam to solve their internal affairs” and assuring that the dam “has no significant harm” for the downstream nations.,WorldEgypt, Sudan Politicising Renaissance Dam Construction, Ethiopian Diplomat Says27 July 2021, 08:23 GMT,Nile River: Giver of Life,Stretching some 6,695 km and covering over 3.3 million square km, the Nile is the longest river in the world, and has played a significant role in regional civilizational development going back to the Ancient Egyptians owing to the rich soil perfect for agriculture created by its annual flooding, and its use as a tool for regional river navigation. Ethiopia’s Blue Nile tributary accounts for a whopping 85 percent of the Nile’s total waters.,Egypt, which receives almost no rainfall, relies on the Nile for more than 90 percent of its freshwater, with eastern Sudan similarly dependent on the river for its economic wellbeing and water and food security.,Legacy of Colonial Meddling,Part of the difficulty of regulating the dispute over the Nile is the lack of a regional agreement regulating the waters’ flow. Addis Ababa is not a party to the 1959 bilateral treaty between Egypt and Sudan dividing the Nile’s waters.,A separate 1929 Nile Waters Treaty between Britain and its then-puppet state of Egypt, plus the territories of what are now Uganda, Kenya, Tanzania, and Sudan provided Cairo the right to veto infrastructure projects up the Nile if they threatened to impact the country’s interests. However, that treaty similarly didn’t apply to Ethiopia, which managed to survive as the only independent nation in Africa after the European imperialist scramble for the continent in the 19th century, and which was never consulted on the agreement’s terms.,Russia’s Position,As a strategic partner of both Ethiopia and Egypt, Russia has sought to assure the dam dispute’s peaceful and mutually amenable resolution, with Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov indicating in 2021 that Moscow would be ready to provide technical assistance for any negotiations on the matter. Russia also supports the use of the African Union platform to resolve the crisis.,Also last year, Russian Ambassador to the UN Vassily Nebenzia called on the three countries to stick to the terms of the 2015 Declaration of Principles on the GERD, which urged consensus in reaching an agreement on guidelines for the dam’s filling and operation, and committing Ethiopia to avoid steps which could harm its downstream neighbors. “At the same time, we note legitimate concerns of Egypt and Sudan over the possible negative impact that unconstrained functioning of the dam may produce on the populations of those countries in drought prone years,” he said.,The 2015 agreement and efforts at the African Union and UN levels mean that a baseline for a breakthrough and compromise exists. However, amid regional and global concerns about food and water security, and the threats posed by increasingly prevalent climate disasters and extreme weather events, the GERD dispute comes during a period of heightened regional and global tensions.,In 2021, Africa and Middle East intelligence analysis group Pangea-Risk warned that an all-out water war between Ethiopia, Egypt, Sudan, or their proxies was becoming increasingly probable in the face of dwindling options for a mediated solution.。 众所周知,现在这些AI大模型,一个个都能上天,巴不得赶明儿就统治地球。 资本圈现在也是框框砸钱,动不动就一亿美金挖人才,巅峰时期的爽子都没他挣得多。 可能有些差友印象中,AI不就是靠这些大牛搭建框架,然后找人把整个互联网的资料“哐哐”往里灌,然后就顿悟了嘛。 但其实,人工智能,它首先得靠人工。甚至你自己,可能都在不知不觉中成了AI的免费劳动力。 不信你回想一下,短视频刷着刷着,突然弹出来一个窗口,问你刚刚那个视频是不是广告,或者对上个视频满不满意?甭管你是好心还是手滑,只要你点了提交,朋友,你已经成为了算法进化Play中的一环。 这跟在一堆图片里找红绿灯的人机验证一样,本质上,就是在薅你的劳动力。

二 | 不仅咱们普通人被迫营业了,在这背后,还有一帮AI的老师、保姆、甚至是心理医生,也在日以继夜地给AI擦屁股喂养料。

三 | 但比起这些光鲜亮丽的AI和明星科学家,这帮人的日子过得却是相当牛马。

四 | 前几天有国外媒体曝光出来,在Google打工的AI评估员今年已经好几次集体发牢骚了,原因也很简单,你谷歌台面上财大气粗的,咋就给我们这些打工人这么点钱,打发鬼呢? 要理解他们为啥闹脾气,就得先看看他们干的活儿。

五 | 在以前训练AI的时候,特别是视觉模型,干的都是些纯体力活。比如我们在两年前为了做选题,就曾亲身体验过数据标注的兼职。工作内容很简单:在一张照片里,把文字、车和人给框出来。有手有电脑就行,俗称“拉框”“打点”。 听着简单,但实际上是“赛博流水线”上的计件工。一张图片里的文字框,框好一个0.03元。手速快的话,一分钟能框个5~8个,也就是毛利0.24元。如果想完成日入150的小目标,一天得框整整5000条文本。 这还不算甲方的奇葩规则,看上去都是货车,你得精准区分“truck”和“van”;框要和标注物边缘紧密贴合,误差不能超过3个像素,否则就白干。试标没薪水,返工是常态,性价比极低。 但对于现在的大语言模型来说,评估就没这么简单了。评估师要干的,是评估AI生成的内容。

六 | 比如,用户问Gemini一个关于天体物理学的问题,Gemini给出的答案,对不对?引用的资料,准不准?说话的语气,像不像个专家? 再比如,用户让AI写一首莎士比亚风格的十四行诗,AI写出来的东西,有没有那股味儿?甚至,当AI遇到“在什么情况下可以说谎?”这类伦理困境时,它的回答是否符合主流的道德观? 这需要的就不只是眼力,而是判断力、审美、领域知识和足够高的文化素养。 所以能干这活儿的,都不是一般人。 根据外媒报道,Google的承包商招来的这帮“AI老师”,很多都是经验丰富的作家、有硕士学位的老师、甚至是物理学的博士。他们是AI的文学顾问、伦理审查官、专业知识教练。 那问题来了,这么牛逼的一群人,干着给几千亿美金估值的AI“铸魂”的活儿,工资得多少? 答案是,时薪16到21美元。

七 | 一个月也就三千美金。 这个钱在美国有多低呢?我就这么说,你今天啥也不干,学流浪汉往大街上一躺,两腿一蹬小被一盖,联邦政府发的救济金都奔两千去了。 而与此同时,在Google总部写代码的AI工程师,年薪10万美刀都是低的。 所以人家出来闹,也真不是矫情。大家都是硕博,凭什么你写代码的年薪几十万美刀,我们这些连学生贷款都还不上? 这背后,其实就是硅谷精英们信奉的那套老思想在作祟:技术至上,文科无用。 在他们眼里,工程师是改变世界的英雄,而那些学文学、历史、哲学的,工作价值看不见摸不着,自然不受重视。

八 | 这些思维在以前确实是能讲通的,但是在AI这里面,还真就不一定。 这就好比生孩子,工程师负责把孩子“生”出来,但孩子的三观、谈吐、品行,就不能只靠家长,得是学校和老师来教。 所以对这些精英来说,这就显得很拧巴。一边觉得学文学、学历史、学哲学的人没啥用,创造不了价值;另一边,他们又不得不依赖这些“非计算机”的知识和认知,来保证他们的赛博生命,别变成糖人。

九 | 实际上别说美国,视线转回国内,你会发现剧情也大差不差,甚至“赛博包工头”们还玩得更花。 比如以前大专就能干的数据标注工作,现在要求本科学历,有些甚至明确要一本、全日制985/211以上,还需要特定领域的专业知识。某大厂外包的标注岗位要求,就恨不得把所有的大学专业名录都给贴上去。 这就很奇怪了,既然门槛都提到985了,为啥工资不像算法岗那么高? 一个有211本985硕背景的土木应届生小夏,接了一份AI数据标注的offer,工作内容主要是对AI给出的题目答案进行纠正,但实习没多久她就跑路了。 根本原因在于,公司看重的是你脑子里的专业知识,好用来帮模型学习进化,这个岗位本身不会让你学到太多新东西,也很难有什么职业上的发展。

十 | 说白了,就是把你的知识一次性榨干,注入到AI里。虽然有些岗位薪资能到7k~10k,听起来还行,但改变不了这是“赛博流水线”的事实。 你说它没有含金量吧,但又是AI发展必须的燃料,毕竟大模型是经典的Garbage in,Garbage out。这么重要的东西,为啥大厂不组建一个自己的数据标注团队呢? 理由很简单:需求量大、项目时间紧、任务重,一下子招这么多正式员工,划不来,外包出去是最省时省力的方法。 于是,一个庞大的金字塔产业就此诞生。

十一 | 顶层是少数几个算法天才,而构成它庞大塔身的,是这些被当作小时工的高材生们。维持这条流水线运转的,就是专门承接外包项目的“AI时代的包工头”。 实际上,这些外包公司的链条远比想象中的更长:甲方包给乙方供应商,供应商再转手给二包、三包甚至四包。

十二 | 项目经过层层转包,下游的小工作室为了利润,更谈不上什么规范。 汉语言文学专业的彤彤,干了四五年数据标注,每个月到手4~6k。公司想要拿绩效,不光看正确率,还得超出公司规定的任务量,她后来就很少能拿到了。 更离谱的是,今年2月份,因为甲方的项目调整,整个项目组说没就没了,直接原地失业。

十三 | 而这种不稳定的工作状态,在这反而是常态。 有员工反映,项目期间疯狂加班,项目一结束,公司就让他们自己请假调休,调休没工资。等新项目来了,可能还得重新面试。

十四 | 工资少就算了,绩效还跟正确率挂钩,低于90%当月绩效直接取消。碰上项目验收有问题,工资都可能发不出来。 在他们眼里,员工可以随时替换,反正门槛低,你不干总会有人干。 这种层层转包、压榨到底的模式,到今天已经成了全球AI产业的“路径依赖”。 比起国内这些数据民工,在这座金字塔真正最底层的劳动者,献祭的早已不只是时间和知识,而是自己的精神健康。 比如为了让ChatGPT学会拒绝暴力、色情等内容,OpenAI把互联网下水道里最污秽的玩意儿——谋杀、虐童、自残——打包外包给了肯尼亚的工人。他们拿着不到2美元的时薪,一篇篇地阅读和标注这些内容,不少人因此留下了严重的心理创伤。 亚马逊吹上天的无人超市Amazon Go,号称顶尖计算机视觉,结果背后是1000多个印度员工盯着摄像头手动确认。多伦多街上的网红送餐机器人,背后也是菲律宾打工人在半夜操控。 说白了,对很多科技公司来说,让人类表现得像个机器人,远比让机器人表现得像个人类,要便宜得多。 说了这么多,咱也不是说AI不好,AI毫无疑问是一座伟大的奇观。但伟大不应该建立在一片看不见的废墟之上。 我们赞美人工智能,却往往对背后的人工,视而不见。 这事儿说白了,就跟古代修金字塔、挖大运河差不多。东西是好东西,是人类智慧的结晶,但支撑起这些奇观的,是无数被消耗、被磨损、甚至被牺牲的底层劳动者。 要让AI实现它应该做的事——解放生产力,解放人类,首先人类自己要学会尊重自己人。

十五 | 最起码,尊重知识和劳动。 没有爱的家庭,不会养出会爱人的小孩,AI亦是如此。别让高科技,最终变成了压榨劳动力的工具。 图片、资料来源: TheGuardian:How thousands of ‘overworked, underpaid’ humans train Google’s AI to seem smart TheNation: The Human Workforce Behind AI Wants a Union 华盛顿邮报,时代周刊,X、小红书、boss直聘等,部分图源网络 本文来自微信公众号:差评前沿部,作者:纳西 & 西西,编辑:江江 & 面线。
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